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目的:分析引起低出生体重儿的危险因素,寻找干预措施。方法:用病例对照研究的方法,通过病历综述,比较分析649例低出生体重儿与567例正常出生体重儿在孕妇的年龄、户籍、胎产次、产前检查次数、妊娠合并症及并发症等方面的差异。结果:低出生体重儿在孕妇年龄、户籍、产检次数、双(多)胎妊娠、妊娠合并症和并发症与正常出生体重儿存在显著差异(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示引起低出生体重儿的危险因素是孕妇年龄(<20岁、≥35岁)、妊娠高血压综合征、胎膜早破、双(多)胎。病例组和对照组孕妇年龄<20岁分别为1.1%和0.7%,≥35岁分别为6.0%和3.7%,妊娠高血压综合征分别为11.2%和1.9%,胎膜早破分别为26.2%和16.0%,双(多)胎分别为21.6%和0.4%。结论:低出生体重儿是多因素引起的,可有一些相对应的干预措施。
Objective: To analyze the risk factors of low birth weight infants and find out the interventions. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to compare the age, household registration, births, number of prenatal examinations, pregnancy complications and complications of 649 pregnant women with low birth weight and 567 normal birth weight through medical records. And so on the difference. Results: There was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the gestational age, household registration, number of births, double (multiple) gestational pregnancy, pregnancy complications and complications between low birth weight infants and normal birth weight infants. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk factors of low birth weight infants were pregnant women (<20 years old, ≥35 years old), pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, premature rupture of membranes, and multiple births. The age of pregnant women in the case group and the control group were 1.1% and 0.7%, respectively, and those in the group of ≥35 years were 6.0% and 3.7% respectively. The incidences of pregnancy-induced hypertension were 11.2% and 1.9%, and those of premature rupture of membranes were 26.2% And 16.0%, respectively, and double (multiple) fetuses were 21.6% and 0.4% respectively. Conclusion: Low birth weight infants are caused by many factors, and there may be some corresponding interventions.