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目的:了解丘北县近10年来食物中毒事件发生的特点和规律,为制定食物中毒的预防策略和控制措施提供科学依据。方法:对丘北县2004-2013年的食物中毒事件现场调查资料、网络报告资料及统计报表进行分析。结果:10年间全县共发生食物中毒事件153起,发病785人,死亡22例,死亡率为2.80%,中毒有明显的季节性,以6月、7月发生起数较多共90起,占58.82%,中毒场所以家庭最多,占总起数的88.24%,中毒原因主要为野生蕈93起,中毒人数363人,分别占60.78%、46.24%。结论:制定切实可行的突发事件救援应急预案,完善突发事件的应急处理体系,加大食品卫生及食品安全知识宣传力度,提高群众自我防范意识和自我保护能力,食药监、工商等相关部门加强集体食堂、家庭聚餐、餐饮服务单位的卫生管理,减少食物中毒事件的发生。
Objective: To understand the characteristics and laws of food poisoning incidents in Qiubei County in recent 10 years, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention strategies and control measures of food poisoning. Methods: Field investigation data, network report data and statistical reports of food poisoning incidents in Qiu Bei County from 2004 to 2013 were analyzed. Results: A total of 153 food poisoning incidents occurred in the whole county during the past 10 years, with a disease incidence of 785 and a death rate of 22%. The mortality rate was 2.80%. Poisoning was obviously seasonal. A total of 90 incidents occurred in June and July, Accounting for 58.82% of the total number of poisoning households, accounting for 88.24% of the total number. The main causes of poisoning were 93 wild mushrooms and 363 poisoning persons, accounting for 60.78% and 46.24% respectively. Conclusion: To formulate practical and feasible contingency plans for emergency rescue, to improve the emergency handling system for emergencies, to increase publicity of food hygiene and food safety knowledge, to enhance people’s self-protection awareness and self-protection ability, and related to food and drug supervision and business administration The departments to strengthen the collective canteens, family dinners, food service health management unit to reduce the incidence of food poisoning.