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目的了解远洋测控作业人员基本健康素养状况及职业防护知识掌握情况,为制定职业人员健康促进及干预计划提供科学依据。方法采用整群分组随机抽样方法,通过对387名作业人员问卷调查,对作业人员的基本知识与理念、职业安全防护知识、生活方式与行为、安全防护技能4个维度的健康素养进行评价。结果远洋测控人群总体具备职业健康素养的占52.71%;文化程度为高中、职高的作业人员其基本健康知识与理念、职业安全防护知识掌握程度低于其他学历较高的人群(χ2分别为13.05,和15.06,P<0.01);服役3年以内的士兵其基本知识和观念、安全防护技能和总体职业健康素养显著低于服役较长的高年资官兵(χ2分别为12.29、25.13和12.63,均,P<0.01)。结论对远洋测控作业人员实施健康教育与健康促进计划是非常必要和迫切的,应针对不同类别人群和岗位特点制定中、长期健康教育计划,并对教育效果进行综合评价。
Objective To understand the status of basic health literacy and knowledge of occupational protection for oceanic survey and control workers, and provide a scientific basis for formulating health promotion and intervention programs for professionals. Methods A cluster sampling random sampling method was used to evaluate the health literacy of 387 operatives in four dimensions: basic knowledge and philosophy of workers, knowledge of occupational safety, lifestyle and behavior, and safety protection skills. Results As a result, the total ocean observation and control population accounted for 52.71% of the total population with occupational health literacy. The educational level of senior high school and vocational high school workers was lower than that of other higher education groups (χ2 = 13.05, And 15.06, P <0.01). The soldiers who served for 3 years had significantly lower basic knowledge and perceptions, safety protection skills and overall occupational health literacy than those with higher senior officers who served for longer periods (χ2 = 12.29, 25.13 and 12.63, respectively , P <0.01). Conclusion It is very necessary and urgent to implement the health education and health promotion plan for the ocean observation and control workers. The mid- and long-term health education plan should be formulated according to the characteristics of different groups and posts, and a comprehensive evaluation of the educational effect should be made.