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干旱区河道渗漏是河道径流转化为地下水的一种主要方式.河道渗漏系数是确定河流与地下水之间转化量的重要参数,也是建立地下水模型的关键.从河道渗漏运动的研究方法、河道渗漏时空动态变化、河道渗漏特征规律与机理以及河道渗漏模拟研究等方面入手,综述了国内外有关河道渗漏研究方面的进展情况以及发展趋势.同时对黑河下游额济纳三角洲地区的河道渗漏研究现状及存在的问题进行了阐述,分析当前研究的不足.针对黑河流域下游额济纳三角洲水系与河道特点,提出如下建议:从河道渗漏的时空动态变化分析入手,开展典型渗漏观测试验、进行河水位、流量、河床含水量、地下水位的连续观测和同位素示踪试验,测定河道渗漏与地下水运动参数;建立河道渗漏模拟模型,模拟和预测不同情景下河道渗漏过程.为该地区的河道渗漏补给地下水的定量化研究提供新的思路,为制定科学合理的水资源利用规划和维护绿洲稳定及可持续发展提供科学依据.
River channel leakage in arid area is one of the main ways to transform river runoff into groundwater.The river channel leakage coefficient is an important parameter to determine the conversion between river and groundwater and is also the key to establishing groundwater model.From the research methods of river seepage movement, This paper summarizes the progress and trend of research on river seepage at home and abroad, and at the same time analyzes the characteristics of river course in the Ejina Delta of the lower Heihe River The current situation of leakage research and the existing problems are analyzed to analyze the shortcomings of the current research.According to the characteristics of the Ejina Delta river system and the lower reaches of the Heihe River basin, the following suggestions are put forward: Beginning with the analysis of the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of the river seepage, the typical leakage observation test , The river water level, the flow rate, the riverbed water content, the continuous observation of the groundwater level and the isotope tracing test were conducted to determine the river seepage and the groundwater movement parameters. The river leakage simulation model was established to simulate and predict the river seepage process in different scenarios. Study on Quantification of Groundwater Replenishment in River Channels in the Area Provide new ideas, provide a scientific basis for the development of scientific and rational use of water resources planning and maintenance oasis stability and sustainable development.