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基于双城模型,本文构建了大城市企业生产率溢价的概念框架,考察了选择效应、分类效应、集聚效应与竞争效应如何导致城市间异质性企业生产率分布差异;同时,基于1998—2007年规模以上工业企业数据,实证回答了中国大城市的企业生产率溢价之谜。研究发现:(1)城市的企业生产率溢价是集聚效应、选择效应、分类效应和竞争效应共同作用的结果,不同行业中这四种作用的溢价贡献不同;(2)集聚效应提高了大部分行业的企业生产率溢价;(3)竞争效应不一定导致大城市企业生产率呈现更大的“贫富不均”;(4)城市间异质性企业区位选择存在着“水往高处流”现象;(5)大城市并不一定有更高的市场进入门槛。
Based on the double-city model, this paper constructs the conceptual framework of metropolitan enterprise productivity premium, and examines how the selection effect, classification effect, agglomeration effect and competition effect lead to the differences in the distribution of heterogeneous firm productivity among cities. At the same time, The above data of industrial enterprises empirically answer the mystery of the premium of enterprise productivity in big cities in China. The results show that: (1) The premium of city’s enterprise productivity is the result of the synergetic effect of agglomeration effect, choice effect, classification effect and competitive effect. The contribution of these four effects in different industries has a different contribution to the premium; (2) The agglomeration effect improves most industries (3) Competitive effects may not necessarily lead to larger “inequality between rich and poor” in the productivity of big city enterprises; (4) There is a “ ”Phenomenon; (5) big cities do not necessarily have a higher market access threshold.