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目的定量研究体育锻炼对学生身体自我的作用效应,为学校体育活动的科学安排提供参考。方法采用元分析方法(m e-ta-analysis),搜集38篇符合本文分析要求的研究论文,总样本量为3 380人。结果体育锻炼对学生身体自我影响的效应量在0.29~0.51之间,属于中等效应。不同量表测量的身体自我存在差异。体育锻炼对身体自我不同方面影响的效应量有所不同,其中运动技能成分影响最大,身体吸引力影响最小。体育锻炼与身体自我存在一定的“剂量-效应”关系,效应量还受性别、锻炼项目以及锻炼行为习惯等因素的影响。结论体育锻炼对学生身体自我有积极影响,应加强对非经常锻炼群体的研究。
Objective To quantitatively study the effect of physical exercise on students’ self-body and provide reference for the scientific arrangement of physical activities in school. Methods Meta-analysis was used to collect 38 research papers that meet the analysis requirements of this paper, with a total sample size of 3 380 people. Results The effect of physical exercise on students’ self-influence was between 0.29 and 0.51, which belonged to the medium effect. Body self-differences measured by different scales. The amount of effect of physical exercise on different aspects of body self is different. Among them, the motor skill component has the greatest impact and the body attractiveness has the least impact. Physical exercise and body self exist some “dose-effect” relationship, the effect amount is also affected by gender, exercise programs and exercise habits and other factors. Conclusion Physical exercise has a positive impact on students’ self-body, so it is necessary to strengthen the research on non-regular exercise groups.