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目的分析四川省城市、农村、城镇不同地区社区抗逆力水平及原因。方法采取分层随机抽样方法抽取四川省880名社区居民进行风险灾害社区抗逆力水平问卷调查,应用TOPSIS综合评价方法对各地区进行排序,并用独立样本t检验比较不同地区间社区抗逆力水平。结果社区总体抗逆力评分为(3.15±0.19)分;基于TOPSIS综合分析法结果显示,农村Ci值为1,大于城市(0.282)与城镇(0.084)地区;农村居民在个人与社区关系和居民亲密程度得分为(3.69±0.73)和(3.58±0.79)分,均高于城市居民的(3.20±0.87)和(3.11±0.92)分及城镇居民的(3.27±0.73)和(3.15±0.79)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);农村与城镇比较社区灾害管理能力、信息沟通能力高于城镇(P<0.05)。结论要有针对性地提高社区居民的社区意识、社区参与度,提高社区灾害管理能力,增强社区资源拥有率,完善社区服务,提高应对风险灾害的社区抗逆力水平。
Objective To analyze the level and causes of community resilience in urban areas, rural areas and urban areas in Sichuan Province. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select 880 community residents in Sichuan Province to conduct questionnaire survey on the level of community resilience in risk-affected communities. TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation method was used to rank the regions and the independent sample t-test was used to compare the level of community resilience among different regions . Results The total community resilience score was (3.15 ± 0.19) points. Based on the TOPSIS comprehensive analysis, the results showed that the rural Ci value was 1, which was greater than the urban (0.282) and urban (0.084) areas. The rural residents’ (3.69 ± 0.73) and (3.58 ± 0.79) points higher than those of urban residents (3.20 ± 0.87) and (3.11 ± 0.92) respectively, and 3.27 ± 0.73 and 3.15 ± 0.79 of urban residents (P <0.05). Compared with urban areas, rural and urban areas had better ability of disaster management and information communication than urban areas (P <0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to improve community awareness and community participation of community residents in a targeted manner, improve community disaster management capabilities, increase community resource ownership, improve community service, and raise the level of community resilience in response to risk disasters.