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上一世纪90年代以前被石油工业认可和普遍采用的是负压射孔,作业时井底压力低于地层的压力,射孔时井筒液体进入地层容易造成污染。国内自90年代以后,多个油田采用高能气体压裂作为处理近井带堵塞的一种方法,在油田现场实际的应用中证明有一定的增产效果,然而受地层物性影响,作用时间较短。随着时间的演变,慢慢的形成了射孔与高能气体压裂联作措施,射孔后再加压的方式,火药量少,不能充分利用火药产生的能量,但增产效果均比常规射孔明显,这就形成可目前的超正压射孔技术。2007年在陕北某低渗透油田对31口油井进行了试验,有效增产率75%以上,并取得了良好的效果。
Before the 90s of last century was recognized by the oil industry and commonly used is the negative pressure perforation, bottom hole pressure is lower than the formation pressure during operation, borehole fluid into the formation easily lead to pollution. Since the 1990s, several oilfields have used high-energy gas fracturing as a method to deal with blockage in the near wellbore. They have proved a certain stimulation effect in field application of oilfields. However, due to the influence of formation physical properties, the action time is short. With the evolution of time, the formation of perforation and high-energy gas fracturing co-operative measures, perforation and then pressurized way, less gunpowder, can not take full advantage of the gunpowder energy, but the stimulation effect than conventional shot Clear hole, which formed the current overpressure hole technology. In 2007, a total of 31 oil wells were tested in a low permeability oilfield in northern Shaanxi with an effective rate of over 75% and good results.