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以某煤矿为例,对浅埋软岩厚煤层导水裂隙空间发育特征及发育机制进行相似模拟研究。实验结果表明:覆岩空间结构只存在垮落带和裂隙带,浅埋软岩厚煤层回采时直接顶初次破坏时为剪切破坏;基本顶初次破坏时以弯曲破坏为主,剪切破坏为辅;基本顶周期破坏时,纵向上以弯曲破坏为主,剪切破坏为辅,走向方向上为剪切破坏。
Taking a coal mine as an example, a similar simulation study was conducted on the spatial development characteristics and developmental mechanisms of the water-bearing fractures in shallow soft and thick coal seams. The experimental results show that only the collapse zone and the fissure zone exist in the overlying strata, and the shallowly-buried soft-rock thick-coal seam is the shear failure when it is directly damaged by the first failure. The primary failure of the basic roof is dominated by the bending failure, and the shear failure is Supplementary; when the basic top period is damaged, the bending damage is mainly longitudinal, the shear damage is supplemented, and the direction is shear failure.