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紫杉醇（taxol）最早是由美国Wan等于1971年首先从短叶红豆杉的茎皮中分离出来，具有独特紫杉烷（taxane）骨架结构的二储类物质。1979年美国Horwitz等发现其良好的抗癌活性和独特的抑制微管解聚、稳定微管的作用机理。此后，在世界范围内形成了紫杉烷尤其是紫杉醇的研究热潮。
Taxol (taxol) was firstly separated from the stem barks of Taxus brevifolia by 1971 in the United States, and it has a unique taxane skeleton structure. In 1979, the United States found that its excellent anti-cancer activity and a unique mechanism for inhibiting microtubule depolymerization and stabilizing microtubules were discovered by Horwitz et al. Since then, there has been a worldwide research boom in taxanes, especially paclitaxel.