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系统收集了2000~2009年31个省区入境及国内客流量数据,利用聚集度指数和动态集聚指数对其地域分布的聚集与转移进行了定量分析。结果发现:2000年以来我国入境旅游和国内旅游的空间集中度在下降,而空间均衡度在提高,入境旅游与国内旅游具有不同的空间聚集度,入境旅游的空间聚集度高于国内旅游;入境旅游均衡度指数的升高更多的是由中东部省区之间的均衡造成,西部的甘肃、青海、西藏、新疆等省区的入境旅游仍处于向外转移的弱势地位,东西部的不均衡发展仍在加剧;山西、江西等省区入境和国内游客同步集聚,吉林、湖北等省区入境游客相对集聚,国内游客相对向外转移,西藏、甘肃等省区国内游客相对集聚,入境游客相对向外转移,新疆、河北等省区入境和国内游客同步向外转移。入境游客的空间分布,主要受高级别景点丰度和旅游区位的制约。国内游客的空间分布,除受A级以上景点丰度的影响之外,各地区人口总量、GDP等也是其重要的影响因素。
The system collects the data of inbound and outbound passenger flow in 31 provinces and autonomous regions from 2000 to 2009, and quantitatively analyzes the aggregation and transfer of its geographical distribution by using the degree of agglomeration index and dynamic agglomeration index. The results show that: since 2000, the spatial concentration of inbound tourism and domestic tourism in our country has been declining, while the degree of spatial equilibria has been increasing. Inbound tourism and domestic tourism have different degrees of spatial aggregation, and inbound tourism has a higher degree of spatial aggregation than domestic tourism. The rise of tourism equilibrium index is more caused by the balance between central and eastern provinces and autonomous regions. Inbound tourism in the western provinces of Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet and Xinjiang is still in a weak position to shift outwards. The balanced development is still aggravating. The inbound and domestic tourists in Shanxi Province and Jiangxi Province gather at the same time. The inbound tourists in Jilin, Hubei and other provinces are relatively concentrated, and the domestic tourists are relatively outward. The domestic tourists in Tibet, Gansu and other provinces are relatively concentrated. Relatively outward transfer, Xinjiang, Hebei and other provinces and autonomous regions inward and outward migration of tourists simultaneously. The spatial distribution of inbound tourists is mainly constrained by the abundance of high-level scenic spots and tourist locations. The spatial distribution of domestic tourists, in addition to being affected by the abundance of scenic spots above Grade A, is also an important factor affecting the total population and GDP of various regions.