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目的针对2013年3月中国爆发的人感染H7N9禽流感病毒,在雪貂体内进行致病性及传播力的研究,并与甲型H1N1流感病毒、H5N1禽流感病毒进行比较。方法对新发H7N9毒株、甲型H1N1流感病毒、H5N1禽流感病毒感染雪貂后的临床症状、体征,呼吸道排毒情况,组织病理学变化等进行评价和比较,并对H7N9毒株在雪貂群体中的传播力进行研究。结果雪貂模型的临床症状、死亡率、病毒传播以及组织病理学分析显示:H7N9病毒的致病性低于H5N1,与2009年起源于北美的甲型H1N1流感病毒相当。新发H7N9禽流感病毒可以在雪貂的呼吸道、心脏、肝脏以及嗅球进行复制。值得注意的是H7N9禽流感可以通过飞沫在雪貂间进行低水平的传播,并且在传播过程中,病毒基因组内有多个位点的氨基酸发生了替换。结论 H7N9禽流感病毒对雪貂的致病性较H5N1禽流感病毒低,与甲型H1N1流感病毒对雪貂的致病性相当,H7N9禽流感病毒可在雪貂间进行传播。
Objective To investigate the pathogenicity and transmission of H7N9 virus in humans in China in March 2013 and to compare with the Influenza A H1N1 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses. Methods The clinical symptoms, signs, respiratory detoxification and histopathological changes of newly infected H7N9, H5N1 and H5N1 were evaluated and compared. The H7N9 strain in ferrets The spread of groups in the study. Results The clinical symptoms, mortality, virus transmission and histopathological analysis of the ferrets showed that the pathogenicity of H7N9 virus was lower than that of H5N1, which was comparable to the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus originating in North America. The new H7N9 bird flu virus can replicate in the ferret’s respiratory tract, heart, liver and olfactory bulb. It is noteworthy that H7N9 bird flu can pass low levels of transmission between the ferrets through droplets, and there are multiple amino acid substitutions in the viral genome during transmission. Conclusion The pathogenicity of H7N9 avian influenza virus to ferrets is lower than that of H5N1 avian influenza virus, similar to the virulence of type A H1N1 influenza virus to ferrets, and the H7N9 avian influenza virus can be transmitted between ferrets.