Historical development of the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods experienced three stages — commune system period,household responsibility system period and the period after taxation reform.From the point of view of historical institutionalism,the institutional structure of the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods is influenced by the national institutional situation and sequence structure among the related political variables,which forms an interactive game situation with related political behavior subjects.Meanwhile,the path dependence which shows its process of increasing returns and self-reinforcement occurs in institutional change of the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods,which has its own system fracture and historical veto points in critical junctures.In order to break down the current historical veto points,the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods should be adapted to the new institutional situation and system innovation should be implemented. Historical development of the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods goods experienced three stages - commune system period, household responsibility system period and the period after taxation reform. From the point of view of historical institutionalism, the institutional structure of the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods is influenced by the national institutional situation and sequence structure among the related political variables, which forms an interactive game situation with related political behavior subjects.Meanwhile, the path dependence which shows its process of increasing returns and self-reinforcement occurs in institutional change of the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods, which has its own system fracture and historical veto points in critical junctures. In order to break down the current historical veto points, the supply institution of Chinese rural public goods should be adapted to the new institutional situation and system innovation sho uld be implemented.