表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)是绿茶中儿茶素的主要成分，具有保护神经、降血糖、抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等多种生物学功能，已被广泛应用于食品添加剂和保健品。放疗是治疗恶性肿瘤的主要手段之一，但由于其对肿瘤周围正常组织的损害，限制了放疗的治疗剂量，进而影响了肿瘤的局控率。因此，寻找一种高效无毒且具有限制肿瘤生长效应的辐射防护剂极具现实意义。本文结合相关的临床前研究和临床试验数据，综述了EGCG对正常组织的辐射防护效果，总结并分析了其辐射防护机制，旨在更加全面地揭示EGCG的抗辐射生物学效能，为EGCG更好地应用于临床提供参考依据。“,”Eigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the main component of catechins in green tea. It has many biological functions, such as neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-tumor effects, etc. It has been widely used in food additives and health products. Radiotherapy is one of the main methods for the treatment of malignant tumors. However, due to its damage to the normal tissues surrounding tumors, the therapeutic dose of radiotherapy is limited and the local control rate of tumors is affected. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to find a kind of radioprotective agent, which is highly effective and non-toxic and has the ability to limit tumor growth. This review summarizes relevant preclinical studies and clinical trial data to reveal the radiation protective mechanism of EGCG, aiming to provide some reference for EGCG to become a potential clinical radiation protection agent.