论文部分内容阅读
常规效益成本分析(Benefit-Cost Analysis)无助于约束木材经营以保持长期的生态系统生产力(Ecosystem Productivity)。在这样的分析中,除了计划采伐效益(Allowable Cut Effect)直接地改变采伐标准这一特殊情况外,甚至长期木材生产力(Timher Product vity)也难以维持。政策和法规的目标是保护生态系统,限制私有地主的产权,增加林产、品的成本,为私有地主和公共机构服务。对这种分析的异议表明,约束木材经营可以增加纯公益。考虑长期生态系统退化代价的决策模型已经建立。然而,为了这些模型的应用,必须认识和理解它的长期效应,这对于生态系统研究者来说是一个可怕的挑战。经济学家和生物学家认识扣理解这一问题的关键是承认和确立资源的价值。
Benefit-Cost Analysis does not help to constrain timber operations to maintain long-term ecosystem productivity (Ecosystem Productivity). In such an analysis, it is difficult to maintain even the long-term Timher Product vity in addition to the special case where Allowable Cut Effect directly alters harvesting standards. Policies and regulations aim to protect ecosystems, limit the ownership of private landowners, increase the cost of forest products and products, and serve private landowners and public agencies. Objections to this analysis show that restraint of timber operations can increase pure public welfare. Decision models that consider long-term ecosystem degradation costs have been established. However, for their application, one must recognize and understand its long-term effects, which is a daunting challenge for ecosystem researchers. The key for economists and biologists to recognize this problem is to recognize and establish the value of resources.