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女性阴道是独特的动态微生态体系，其中阴道微生物菌群是维持阴道微生态环境平衡的核心组成部分。乳酸杆菌是维持阴道微生物群生态平衡的核心。在20世纪70年代，加拿大泌尿科医师Andrew Bruc首次提出恢复阴道乳酸杆菌的含量可作为防止阴道感染的概念。临床上的各种阴道炎症（包括能够明确诊断或不能明确诊断的）均不同程度的存在各种阴道微生态失调。故阴道微生态与乳酸杆菌密切相关。因此对乳酸杆菌与阴道微生态关系的全面认识，有助于阴道炎症的正确诊断、合理治疗，对防止阴道炎症的发生、复发和再发有重要意义。该综述将对乳酸杆菌与阴道微生态之间的关系作进一步阐述。“,”Female vaginal microflora is a unique dynamic system, and vaginal microflora is core component to main-tain the environmental balance of the vaginal microflora.Lactobacillus is the core to maintain the ecological balance of vaginal microflora.In the 1970s, Canadian urology physician Andrew Bruc first proposed to restore the content of vaginal lactobacilli as a concept to prevent vaginal infections.Various clinical vaginal inflammation ( including the ability to confirm the diagnosis or the diagnosis is not clear) are varying degrees of various vaginal microflora imbalance.Therefore vaginal microflora is close-ly related to lactobacilli.Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between lactobacilli and vaginal micro-flora helps vaginal inflammation of the correct diagnosis and proper treatment, and it is important to prevent vaginal inflamma-tion, relapse and recurrence.The review will be further elaborated between lactobacilli and vaginal microflora relationship.