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[目的]评价我国青海茫崖、甘肃阿克塞、陕西陕南和四川新康的温石棉对V79细胞的毒性。[方法]采集我国四大矿区的4种温石棉,红外光谱分析其表面主要活性基团,X光荧光衍射分析仪分析主要化学成分。4种粉尘与V79细胞相互作用,比较4种石棉细胞存活率,测定培养液乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)活力、葡萄糖浓度及钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、铝(Al)、硅(Si)元素含量。[结果]除四川新康温石棉无外羟基,其余3种温石棉的表面主要活性基团基本一致,化学组成主要是二氧化硅(SiO2)及氧化镁(MgO),但含量不同。细胞存活率以陕南温石棉最高,茫崖温石棉最低,4种温石棉的LDH、葡萄糖及Mg含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),仅茫崖与阿克塞矿区温石棉Si含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);4种温石棉Ca、Mg、Fe、Al含量差异均无统计学意义。[结论]不同矿床所产的温石棉,因生成条件不尽相同,表现活性基团不同,则细胞的毒性亦不同。
[Objective] To evaluate the toxicity of chrysotile asbestos in Mangya of Qinghai Province, Aksai of Gansu, Shaanxi Province of Southern Shaanxi and Xinkang of Sichuan Province on V79 cells. [Method] Four kinds of chrysotile were collected from four major mines in China. Their main active groups were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The main chemical components were analyzed by X - ray fluorescence diffraction analyzer. Four kinds of dust interacted with V79 cells to compare the survival rate of four kinds of asbestos cells. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, calcium, magnesium, iron, Aluminum (Al), silicon (Si) element content. [Result] Except for the non-exogenous hydroxyls of asbestos in Sichuan, the main active groups on the surface of the other three kinds of asbestos were basically the same. The chemical composition was mainly SiO2 and MgO, but the contents were different. Cell survival rates were the highest in chilly asbestos, the lowest in Mangya chrysotile, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05, P <0.01) There were significant differences in Si content in chrysotile from the mining area (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the contents of Ca, Mg, Fe and Al among the four chrysotile. [Conclusion] The chrysotile produced by different deposits have different cytotoxicity due to different production conditions and different active groups.