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以水质量分数为13.3%的N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)为溶剂溶解棉浆粕,制备质量分数为5%～11%的纤维素/NMMO溶液。将所得溶液制备纤维素薄膜,考察了纤维素/NMMO溶液的稳定性,研究了凝固浴温度和组成对纤维素薄膜的成膜性、断面形态及力学性能的影响。结果表明:纤维素/NMMO溶液随着浓度增大,其粘度先增大后减小,再急剧上升;纤维素/NMMO溶液在玻璃介质中稳定性较好,微量Cu~(2+),Fe~(3+)等杂质存在时,其稳定性显著下降;纤维素薄膜随凝固浴温度升高,其透明性、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均下降;相对于水,含有乙醇和NMMO的凝固浴能减缓双扩散的速度,使纤维素薄膜的拉伸强度略有提高,断裂伸长率出现不同程度下降。
The cotton pulp was dissolved with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) with a water content of 13.3% to prepare a cellulose / NMMO solution with a mass fraction of 5-11%. The obtained solution was used to prepare the cellulose film. The stability of the cellulose / NMMO solution was investigated. The effects of the temperature and composition of the coagulation bath on the film-forming properties, cross-section morphology and mechanical properties of the cellulose film were investigated. The results showed that the viscosity of cellulose / NMMO solution first increased and then decreased, and then increased sharply. The stability of cellulose / NMMO solution in glass medium was good. The trace amount of Cu2 +, Fe ~ (3 +) and other impurities, the stability of cellulose films decreased significantly. The transparency, tensile strength and elongation at break of cellulose films decreased with the increase of the temperature of the coagulation bath. Compared with water, the stability of cellulose films with ethanol and NMMO Coagulation bath can slow down the rate of double diffusion, so that the tensile strength of the cellulose film slightly increased, the elongation at break appears to varying degrees.