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目的了解平顶山市一起甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的特点,为控制学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情提供依据。方法使用中国疾病预防控制中心编制的《甲型H1N1流感病例个案调查表》对所有病例进行流行病学调查,采用描述流行病学方法对病例的流行病学特征进行分析。采用RT-PCR方法检测甲型H 1 N1流感病毒核酸。结果2013年3月26日出现首发病例,疫情历时2 d,发病12例。其中11例甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测阳性,罹患率2.23%。病例全部为学生,其中男生5例、女生7例,男女性别比为0.71:1。病例主要集中在该校七(3)班,均为轻症病例。结论本次发病为甲型H1N1流感病毒引起的流感暴发。建议在冬春季节到来之前给学生进行甲型H1N1流感疫苗的预防接种,是预防学校甲型H1N1流感暴发最经济有效的手段。
Objective To understand the characteristics of an outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in Pingdingshan and provide evidence for controlling the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in schools. Methods Epidemiological survey of all cases was conducted by using the case-control questionnaire of Influenza A (H1N1) cases prepared by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The epidemiological characteristics of cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. The H1N1 influenza virus nucleic acid was detected by RT-PCR. Results The first case occurred on March 26, 2013, the outbreak lasted 2 days and the incidence was 12 cases. Of which 11 cases of influenza A (H1N1) virus nucleic acid test positive, the attack rate of 2.23%. All cases were students, including 5 boys and 7 girls, the sex ratio was 0.71: 1. The cases mainly concentrated in the school seven (3) classes, are mild cases. Conclusion The incidence of influenza A H1N1 influenza virus outbreak caused by the flu. Proposed vaccination of students before the arrival of winter and spring influenza A (H1N1) vaccines is the most cost-effective way to prevent the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in schools.