《乌苏里船歌》一案是著作权保护领域具有里程碑意义的案件,双方的纠纷反映了不同文化作品所有观念的冲突,法院的判决显示了对于国内外语境的重视。本案也进一步推动了我国在民间文学艺术领域的立法进程。然而,国际法律框架与民间文学艺术的精髓在于控制族群文化的流传与使用,带有“族群性”的特征;而我国对此领域从理论认识到使用状况均带有“全民性”的特点。本文从民间文学艺术的基本内涵入手,分析部分法律用语可能带来的矛盾,从而探求民间文学艺术的最佳保护模式。 The case of “Wusuli boat song” is a landmark case in the field of copyright protection. The disputes between the two parties reflect the conflicts of all the ideas of different cultural works. The court’s judgment shows the importance attached to the context of both domestic and foreign contexts. The case also further promoted the legislative process in the field of folklore in our country. However, the essence of the international legal framework and folklore lies in the control of the spread and use of ethnic culture, with the characteristics of “ethnicity”. In our country, from the theoretical understanding and usage, our country has “universal” "specialty. This article starts from the basic connotation of folk literature and art, analyzes the contradiction that some legal terms may cause, and explores the best protection mode of folk literature and art.