目的　比较有规律和无规律的体育活动对青春期少女骨密度的影响。方法　采用双能X线骨密度测量仪 ,于观察期前后分别测量年龄在 10～ 12岁的少女运动员 (6 0名 )和普通学生 (90名 )身体多部位的骨密度 ,比较两组少女骨密度在 1年中的变化情况。结果　观察前 ,2组学生骨密度基线检查表明 ,运动员组除头部以外 ,上肢、下肢、骨盆及全身的骨密度值明显高于对照组 (0 0 6 0～ 0 12 4g/cm2 ) ;观察 1年后 ,以上 5个部位的骨密度值均为运动员组明显高于对照组 (0 0 87～ 0 187g/cm2 ) ,而且 ,骨密度变化值 (增长值 )仍为运动员组明显高于对照组 (0 0 2 7～ 0 119g/cm2 )。此外 ,两组调查对象在食物摄入频度和性征发育方面差异无显著性。结论　运动对青春期少女骨密度增长有显著的促进作用 Objective To compare the effects of regular and irregular physical activity on the bone density of adolescent girls. Methods Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and after the observation period. The bone mineral density (BMD) of multiple body parts of girls aged from 10 to 12 years (90) Density changes in a year. Results Before the observation, baseline BMD of two groups of students showed that the BMD of upper limbs, lower limbs, pelvis and whole body of the athletes group was significantly higher than that of the control group (0 0 6 0 ~ 0 12 4g / cm 2) except for the head; After 1 year, the BMD of the above five sites were significantly higher in the athletes than in the control (0.087-0 187g / cm2), and the change in BMD (growth) was still significantly higher in the athletes than in the controls Group (0 0 2 7 ~ 0 119g / cm2). In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the frequency of food intake and sexual development. Conclusions Exercise can significantly promote the increase of bone mineral density in adolescent girls