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党内民主是政党现代化、政治现代化的重要意涵,党内民主选举则是党内民主重要的切入点。上世纪80年代末90年代初,我国政治生活开启了基层党组织班子成员民主选举改革试点。进入新世纪以来,民主选举试点向纵深发展。2004年江苏宿迁市黄墩镇实行党员大会直选镇党委书记,2006年和2011年在南京市高淳县8个镇全面铺开,创建了“公推直选”镇党委班子成员模式。高淳“公推直选”模式,在候选人推荐提名、选举载体、选举模式、差额竞争性选举、党内民主带动人民民主等方面进行了一系列的改革与创新,在广度、深度、范围以及持续度上都具有自身特色。同时,高淳县在推进党内民主选举改革时,始终坚持党的民主集中制,实现了党内民主与党内集中的有机结合和辩证统一。目前,党内民主选举改革与民主集中制相统一还存在着认知、政治意识、合法性、个体与整体、适应性等制约性因素。进一步完善党内民主选举改革与健全民主集中制的空间与维度在于:正确认识民主集中制度的科学内涵,培育党员的民主意识和自主选择观念,突破常规、树立决策优先于规则原则,进一步建立健全党内民主制度体系,实现党内民主选举与政治体制改革互动与联动。
Inner-party democracy is the important meaning of political modernization and political modernization. Inner-party democratic election is an important entry point for inner-party democracy. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, China’s political life started the pilot reform of the democratic election of grass-roots party organizations. Since entering the new century, pilot projects for democratic election have been developed in depth. In 2004, Huangdun Town, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, practiced the election of party secretary of party members directly elected by Party members. In 2006 and 2011, it fully opened eight towns in Gaochun County of Nanjing City and created the model of “members of party committees and members of the town directly elected”. Gaochun “public direct election ” model, carried out a series of reforms and innovations in terms of candidate nomination, election carrier, election mode, the gap between the competitive election, democracy within the party drive democracy, etc., in the breadth, depth, scope and Sustained degree has its own characteristics. At the same time, Gaochun County has always adhered to the party’s democratic centralism and promoted the organic integration and dialectical unity of inner-party democracy and inner-party concentration while advancing the reform of inner-party democratically elected elections. At present, there still exist some restrictive factors such as cognition, political awareness, legitimacy, individual and overall, adaptability and so on. The space and dimensions of further improving the democratic election reform and perfecting the democratic centralism within the party lie in: Correctly understanding the scientific connotation of democratic centralism, fostering the democratic consciousness of party members and the concept of independent choice, breaking the routine, setting the priority of decision making and establishing and perfecting the rules Inner-Party Democracy System, Realizing Intra-Party Democratical Election and Political System Reform Interaction and Linkage.