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目的了解新形势下不同车型旅客列车蜚蠊的生活习性及分布特点,为旅客列车更有效地进行蜚蠊综合防治提供依据。方法采用药激法喷洒,10min后检查爬出或击倒的蜚蠊数,计算蜚蠊侵害率及平均密度。结果旅客列车蜚蠊侵害率平均为27.7%,其中22系列(45.5%)>25B(37.7%)>25G(24.2%)>SYZ25B(16.7%)>25K(7.4%),CA(90.0%)>YZ(32.3%)>YW(17.1%)>RW(5.0%)。蜚蠊平均密度为2.51只/辆,其中22系列(4.58只/辆)>25B(3.75只/辆)>25G(2.01只/辆)>SYZ25B(1.17只/辆)>25K(0.43只/辆),CA(6.35只/辆)>YZ(3.51只/辆)>YW(1.30只/辆)>RW(0.15只/辆)。蜚蠊栖息部位主要在车厢的四个角落、乘务室、储藏间、冰箱电机旁及灶底通风口和配电室等处,洗脸间灯箱、厢顶通气口出现蜚蠊并呈聚集状态。结论旅客列车蜚蠊侵害严重,蜚蠊分布发生改变,洗脸间灯箱、厢顶通气口、中铺等高部位出现蜚蠊,不同车型有差别。灭蠊时需注意这些部位及配电室等隐蔽处,可采取喷雾、胶饵等方式。
Objective To understand the habits and distribution characteristics of cockroaches in different types of passenger trains in the new situation and provide the basis for more comprehensive cockroach control for passenger trains. Methods Sprayed by the method of pharmacokinetics, the numbers of cockroaches that climbed out or knocked down after 10 minutes were counted, and the cockroach infestation rate and average density were calculated. Results The average incidence of cockroach in passenger trains was 27.7%, of which 22 (45.5%)> 25B (37.7%)> 25G (24.2%)> SYZ25B (16.7%)> 25K YZ (32.3%)> YW (17.1%)> RW (5.0%). The average density of cockroaches was 2.51 birds per vehicle, of which 22 birds (4.58 birds per vehicle)> 25 birds birds (> 3.75 birds)> 25G birds (> 2.0 birds)> 25 dogs (0.17 birds per bird) ), CA (6.35 cars / vehicle)> YZ (3.51 cars / vehicle)> YW (1.30 cars / vehicle)> RW (0.15 cars / vehicle). Cabin cockroach habitat mainly in the four corners of the compartment, crew room, storage room, refrigerator motor and stove bottom ventilation and distribution rooms, etc., wash the room light box, cockroach cockpit vents appear and gathered. Conclusion Cockroaches in passenger trains were seriously damaged and the distribution of cockroaches changed. Cockroaches appeared in washroom light boxes, vents in car tops and other parts of Zhongpu shop. There were differences between different models. Cockroach should pay attention to these parts and distribution rooms and other hidden places, can take the spray, plastic bait and other means.