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目的采用个体噪声暴露测量方法,了解地铁站勤务人员噪声暴露的水平和特点,为地铁站勤务人员的噪声职业危害控制提供依据。方法以城市地铁某线路6个站点的4类岗位勤务人员为对象,用记录式噪声个体计量仪对地铁运行时间段内各岗位勤务人员进行个体噪声暴露测量。结果城市地铁站的现场复杂,噪声源数量多、不稳定。在受检的48名勤务人员中,车站机房岗位的工作班内加权平均等效 A 声级(LAeq)水平最高为(81.8±2.5)dB(A),车站控制岗位班内加权平均 LAeq 最低为(68.7±1.8)dB(A);车站厅巡岗位班内加权平均 LAeq 水平极差最大为8.1 dB(A),车站控制岗位班内加权平均 LAeq 水平极差最小为4.0dB(A)。结论地铁站勤务人员个体噪声暴露极不均一,用个体噪声暴露测量方法能较灵敏、完整地反映地铁站勤务人员的复杂噪声暴露状况。
Objective To measure the level of individual noise exposure and to understand the level and characteristics of noise exposure of subway station attendants, so as to provide the basis for the occupational hazard control of noise of subway station attendants. Methods Four types of job-seekers at 6 stations of a metro line in the city were taken as object. Personal noise exposure was measured by using individual record-type noise meter for each post and service staff in subway operation time. Results The scene of the metro station in the city is complex with a large number of noise sources and instability. Among the 48 service personnel examined, the weighted average level of A level (LAeq) was (81.8 ± 2.5) dB (A) in the working class of station computer room, and the lowest weighted LAeq in the station control station was (68.7 ± 1.8) dB (A). The maximum weighted average LAeq level in the parade of the station hall was 8.1 dB (A), and the minimum weighted average LAeq level in the station control post was 4.0 dB (A). Conclusion The individual noise exposure of subway station attendants is very uneven. Using individual noise exposure measurement method can more sensitively and completely reflect the complex noise exposure status of subway station attendants.