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目的:分析研究光果莸挥发油的主要化学成分。方法:采用共水蒸馏法分别提取光果莸茎、叶和花的挥发油,应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术并结合Kovats保留指数(K I)对比法对挥发油化学成分进行了鉴定,运用面积归一化法确定了各组分的相对含量。结果:从茎、叶及花中分别鉴定出13、48和42种成分。其中花和叶中的主要成分及相对含量均相似,分别为桃金娘烯醛(2.73%,1.69%)、反-乙酸松香芹酯(46.69%,55.48%)、乙酸桃金娘烯酯(1.17%,1.42%)、β-柏木烯(1.62%,3.21%)及石竹烯氧化物(1.67%,2.73%)等。茎中的化学成分与花和叶中化学成分的相差较大,主要成分为反-乙酸松香芹酯(24.19%)、棕榈酸(47.32%)和植醇(0.77%)等。结论:光果莸茎、叶及花的挥发油均含有大量的活性成分,具有较高的应用潜力和综合开发前景。
Objective: To analyze and study the main chemical constituents of the volatile oil of G. METHODS: The volatile oils from the stems, leaves and flowers of the light fruit stolons were extracted by co-water distillation. The chemical constituents of volatile oils were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with Kovats retention index (KI) contrast method. The area normalization method was used to determine the relative content of each component. Results: 13, 48 and 42 components were identified from stems, leaves and flowers, respectively. The main components and relative contents of flowers and leaves were similar, they were myrcate aldehyde (2.73%, 1.69%), trans-acetate rosin (46.69%, 55.48%), myrnetyl acetate ( 1.17%, 1.42%), β-cedrene (1.62%, 3.21%) and caryophyllene oxide (1.67%, 2.73%). The chemical composition in the stem differed greatly from that in flowers and leaves. The main components were trans-acetate rosin (24.19%), palmitic acid (47.32%) and phytol (0.77%). Conclusion: The volatile oils of stems, leaves and flowers of G. oleifera contain large amounts of active ingredients, which have high potential for application and comprehensive development prospects.