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目的通过观察羰基镍急性中毒对大鼠肝组织中DNA损伤和超微结构的变化,探讨急性羰基镍对肝组织的毒性机制。方法通过单细胞凝胶电泳和透射电镜观察羰基镍不同染毒剂量组(20、135、250mg/m3)、阳性对照组(氯气250mg/m3)和正常对照组不同取材时间(第1、第2、第3、第7天)大鼠肝组织中DNA损伤程度和超微结构的变化规律。结果不同取材时间下大鼠吸入不同浓度的羰基镍,彗星尾长和Olive尾矩均高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。在同一染毒剂量下取材时间不同彗星尾长和Olive尾矩均出现动态的变化趋势。中高剂量组彗星尾长和Olive尾矩均在第3天达到高峰,第7天出现明显的减弱。透射电镜观察不同剂量染毒组肝细胞核、肝细胞内毛细胆管、肝细胞胞质内细胞器发生不同程度的病理损害。结论羰基镍急性中毒可引起大鼠肝组织DNA断裂和超微结构发生异常。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of DNA damage and ultrastructure in rat liver tissue after acute nickel carbonyl poisoning and to explore the toxic mechanism of acute nickel carbonyl on liver tissue. Methods Single-cell gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the effects of different doses of nickel carbonyl (20,135 and 250 mg / m3), positive control group (250 mg / m3 and normal control group) , 3rd, 7th day), the changes of DNA damage and ultrastructure in rat liver tissue. Results Different concentrations of nickel carbonyl, tail length and Olive tail moment of rats inhaled at different time were higher than those of normal control group (P <0.05). At the same exposure dose, the tail length and Olive tail moment of the comet appeared dynamic trend. The tail length and Olive tail moment in both medium and high dose groups reached the peak on the third day and obviously decreased on the seventh day. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the pathological changes of hepatocyte nucleus, intrahepatic capillary bile ducts and intracytoplasmic organelles of hepatocytes in different dose groups. Conclusion Acute carbonyl nickel poisoning can cause DNA fragmentation and ultrastructure abnormalities in rat liver tissue.