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目的探讨行为干预改善老年糖尿病患者主观幸福感的效果。方法在干预前后均采用自行设计一般项目调查表、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表、肖计划编制的“应付方式问卷”对住院的228名老年糖尿病患者进行调查,并收集临床生理指标。结果干预后的空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白的水平均显著低干预前(t=16.30,17.16,5.07,4.68,6.93;P均<0.001);干预后正性情感分、正性体验分、总幸福度分明显高于干预前(t=10.55,5.39,16.41;P均<0.001),而负性情感分、负性体验分则明显低于干预前(t=6.55,2.67;P<0.001和P<0.01);干预后解决问题、求助因子分明显高于干预前(t=2.57,2.09;P<0.01和P<0.05),而自责、退避因子分明显低于干预前(t=4.40,3.78,P均<0.001)。结论综合性的干预措施,有助于改变患者的行为模式,促进身心健康,提高生活质量。
Objective To explore the effect of behavioral intervention on improving subjective well-being in elderly diabetic patients. Methods Before and after the intervention, 228 items of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus were investigated and the clinical physiological indexes were collected by using self-designed general project questionnaire, Newfoundland Memorial University Happiness Scale and Shaw Plan’s Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein were significantly lower after intervention (t = 16.30,17.16,5.07,4.68,6.93; P <0.001, respectively) ; Positive emotion score, positive experience score and total happiness score after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention (t = 10.55,5.39,16.41; P <0.001), while negative emotion score and negative experience score were significantly lower (T = 6.55,2.67; P <0.001 and P <0.01). After intervention, the scores of help-seeking factors were significantly higher than those before intervention (t = 2.57,2.09; P <0.01 and P <0.05) Responsibility, back-off factor was significantly lower than before intervention (t = 4.40,3.78, P <0.001). Conclusion Comprehensive interventions can help to change the patient’s behavior patterns, promote physical and mental health, and improve the quality of life.