初一册 第八单元 [教学提要] 一、了解童话、寓言、神话的一般特点。童话:一种通过丰富想象、幻想和夸张来塑造形象,反应生活,适合于儿童阅读并对之进行教育的文学体裁;寓言:以假托的故事或拟人的手法说明某个道理或进行劝喻、讽刺的文学作品;神话:关于神仙或神化了的古代英雄的故事,富于浪漫主义精神,表现古代人民对自然现象和社会生活的解释和向往。 二、进一步领会联想和想象这两种思维方法及其在作品中的具体运用。联想:由一事物想到另一事物的思维过程;想象:在原有感性形象的基础上想象出新的(未曾感知过或实际上并不存在)形象的思维过程。 三、重话、寓言、神话都是文学作品的一种样式。文学作品是反映社会生活的。童话、寓言、神话反映社会生活的方式与其他文学作品不同,它们不是通过对社 The first eighth unit [Study summary] First, understand the general characteristics of fairy tales, fables and myths. Fairy tale: A literary genre that shapes images and responds to life by enriching imagination, fantasies, and exaggerations; it is suitable for children to read and educate them; fables: explain a truth or admonishment through a false story or personification. Ironic literary works; myth: stories about ancient gods or deified heroes, full of romantic spirit, showing ancient people’s interpretation and yearning for natural phenomena and social life. Second, further understanding of the two thinking methods of association and imagination and their specific use in the works. Lenovo: Thinking process from one thing to another; Imagination: Imagine a new (non-perceived or not actually existent) thinking process based on the original sensuous image. Third, words, parables, and myths are all styles of literary works. Literary works reflect social life. The ways in which fairy tales, fables, and myths reflect social life are different from other literary works. They do not pass through