采用含碳冷固结球团———二步电炉熔炼工艺对包头中贫氧化矿浮选铌精矿进行了熔炼试验研究。第一步可实现脱铁、磷、硫，得到富铌渣；第二步再经电炉还原，得到合格的铌铁合金。温度、碱度和还原剂是影响铌熔炼的主要因素。对于含Ｎｂ２Ｏ５１１６％，Ｆｅ４５６８％及Ｐ０３２％的原料，经所制定的工艺熔炼，可得到含Ｎｂ≥１０％，Ｎｂ／Ｐ≥１０的铌铁合金，全流程铌的收率达到７５％ The smelting experiment of the flotation niobium concentrates in the lean oxide ore in Baotou was carried out by the carbon-containing cold consolidation pellet --- two-step electric furnace smelting process. The first step can be achieved iron, phosphorus, sulfur, get rich niobium slag; the second step by the electric furnace reduction to obtain qualified niobium iron alloy. Temperature, alkalinity and reductant are the main factors affecting niobium smelting. For the raw materials containing Nb2O51.16%, Fe45.68% and P0.32%, the niobium-iron alloy containing Nb≥10% and Nb / P≥10 can be obtained by the process smelting. The yield of niobium in the whole process reaches 75%