20世纪三十年代的社会史大论战 ,是在中国社会陷入困境的情况下 ,引发的一场由对现实中国的社会性质的认识而溯源到对中国古代社会性质的探讨 ,人们围绕古代社会性质 ,提出了种种意见和很多问题 ,影响到对新中国成立后的古史分期讨论。论战中 ,《读书杂志》成为主要的论辩阵地 ,对推动论辩的进行发挥了重要作用。论辩中 ,人们初步尝试以马克思主义唯物史观研究中国历史 ,客观上扩大了唯物史观的影响 ,开辟了中国历史研究的新路径。但在尝试中 ,有得也有失 ,学者们进行了总结 ,为此后唯物史观与中国历史的研究 ,提供了借鉴 The great debate of social history in the 1930s was triggered by the understanding of the social nature of the real China and the exploration of the nature of ancient Chinese society in the context of the social difficulties in China. , Put forward various opinions and many questions, which affected the discussion on the staging of ancient history after the founding of New China. In the debate, “reading magazine” has become the main argument position, to promote the debate played an important role. In the argument, people tried to study Chinese history from the historical materialism of Marxism, objectively expanded the influence of historical materialism, and opened up a new path for the study of Chinese history. However, in the attempt, there are gains and losses, scholars have concluded that after the materialist conception of history and Chinese history, provides a reference