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安徽某铁矿排土场是该铁矿主要的废矿石堆放地.这些露天堆放的废矿石经过长期的氧化,于20世纪70年代在排土场中央形成了一个大型酸水库.此外,在该酸水库周边还存在一些近年形成的小范围酸性矿山废水(acid mine drainage,AMD).为研究该区域废矿石的产酸潜力及产酸微生物群落,采集了酸水库周边长期堆放的废矿石以及两处新形成AMD周边的废矿石样品共6个,分别为酸水库边1号位裸露1LL,新形成的AMD 5号位旁5J、5Y,6号位旁6-1、6-2和6-3.物化分析表明6个样品酸性均很强,样品1LL的pH最高,也仅为2.77,而其他5个样品的pH均在2.60以下.1LL的电导率为0.32m S·cm~(-1),5号和6号位样品的电导率则高达2.25~7.08 m S·cm~(-1),证明其中含有更高浓度的阴阳离子.1LL中Fe~(2+)的含量为0.80 mg·kg-1,而其它几个样品的含量则为2.91~33.40 mg·kg~(-1),证明1号的样品经过长期的风化,Fe~(2+)基本上已被氧化成Fe~(3+).16S rRNA基因高通量测序表明,5号位和6号位样品中的嗜酸菌主要属于γ-Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Nitrospira.1号位样品中的嗜酸菌主要属于Actinobacteria、Acidobacteria、Chloroflexi.5号位和6号位样品含有大量的铁硫氧化菌,如Sulfobacillus、Leptospirillum、Acidithiobacillus,证明其中发生着旺盛的产酸过程;而1号位样品1LL微生物群落相对复杂,但基本不存在铁硫氧化菌,原因可能是酸水库周边长期堆放样品中的铁和硫都已经氧化殆尽,基本上不再产酸.统计学分析结果表明,1号位样品1LL与另外5个样品微生物组成存在明显差异,说明不同物化条件对微生物群落结构有决定性影响.
An iron ore dump in Anhui is the main waste ore deposit for the iron ore, which has long been oxidized to form a large acid reservoir in the center of the dump in the 1970s. In addition, There are also some small-scale acid mine drainage (AMD) in the vicinity of the acid reservoir.In order to study the acid-producing potential and acid-producing microbial community of the waste ore in the area, long-term waste ore collected around the acid reservoir and two A total of 6 waste ore samples were formed at the periphery of AMD, which were 1LL exposed at No. 1 site of acid reservoir, 5J, 5Y beside new AMD 5, 6-1, 6-2 and 6- The physico-chemical analysis showed that the six samples had strong acidity, the highest pH of sample 1LL was only 2.77, while the other five samples all had pH below 2.60. The conductivity of 1LL was 0.32 m S · cm -1 ), While the conductivity of sample No. 5 and No. 6 was as high as 2.25 ~ 7.08 m S · cm -1, proving that they contained higher concentrations of anion and cation.The content of Fe 2+ in 1LL was 0.80 mg · Kg-1, while those of other samples ranged from 2.91 to 33.40 mg · kg -1, which proved that the sample No. 1 was weather-aged for a long time and that Fe 2+ had basically been oxidized to Fe High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene indicated that the acidophilic bacteria in samples 5 and 6 mainly belong to γ-Proteobacteria. The acidophilic bacteria in Firmicutes and Nitrospira.1 samples mainly belong to Actinobacteria Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi samples at position no. 5 and no. 6 contained a large number of iron-sulfur oxidizing bacteria such as Sulfobacillus, Leptospirillum and Acidithiobacillus, demonstrating that vigorous acid production occurred therein. However, the 1LL microbial community at No. 1 was relatively complex, There was no iron-sulfur oxidation bacteria, probably due to the long-term accumulation of acid and iron in the reservoir around the sample have been depleted of iron, basically no longer produce acid statistics show that the No. 1 sample 1LL and the other 5 There are obvious differences in the microbial composition of the sample, indicating that different physical and chemical conditions have a decisive influence on the microbial community structure.