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目的研究上海市黄浦区1956—2011年病毒性肝炎疫情的流行特征,评价防治工作成效。方法通过收集黄浦区历年肝炎疫情的纸质或电子资料,运用生态学研究方法,利用地区的、人群的资料,研究疾病的流行面貌,对历年疾病流行特征和趋势进行研究,采用描述性统计方法分析数据。结果 1956—1994年病毒性肝炎发病处于较高水平,1988年达历史最高值,发病率为5191.78/10万。1995年后控制在较低水平。1960-1980年死亡率较高,2000—2011年平均死亡率为0.10/10万,下降至较低水平。肝炎以男性多发,男女发病数之比为1.67:1。甲肝和乙肝以30~40岁年龄组发病率最高,发病率分别为3.81/10万和8.71/10万。甲肝、戊肝在1—4月出现高发。结论 1956—2011年上海市黄浦区病毒性肝炎预防控制效果明显。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 1956 to 2011 and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and treatment. Methods By collecting the paper or electronic data of the epidemic situation of hepatitis in the past years in Huangpu District and using the ecological research methods and using the data of the local population and people to study the epidemic appearance of the disease and studying the epidemiological features and trends of the disease over the past years and using descriptive statistics analyze data. Results The incidence of viral hepatitis was at a high level from 1956 to 1994, reaching the highest value in 1988 with a prevalence of 5,191.78 per 100,000. After 1995 control at a lower level. Mortality was higher in 1960-1980, with an average death rate of 0.10 / 100,000 in 2000-2011, declining to a lower level. Multiple men with hepatitis, male and female incidence ratio of 1.67: 1. Hepatitis A and B had the highest incidence in the age group of 30-40 years with the incidence rates of 3.81 / lakh and 8.71 / lakh respectively. Hepatitis A, hepatitis E in the high incidence of 1-4 months. Conclusion The prevention and control of viral hepatitis in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 1956 to 2011 were effective.