组成一艘军舰的主要部分为:具有一定型式和结构,用来装载和支承舰上全部部件的舰体;用以航行的推进装置;提供战斗能力的,由武器、观测设备和数据处理装置组成的作战系统;以及操纵舰艇的人员。这些基本范畴对探讨美国军舰的技术发展趋势提供了一个纲目。我们先从舰体型式开始讨论。排水型舰体:目前有三个非常重要的发展方面。第一是减少船在航行中遇到的水的阻力。阻力随着船速的增加而增加,因而需要更多的功率去克服它。问题在于当速度增加时,速度的每一增量就需要越来越多的费用以追加所需的马力。比如一典型水面舰只,在20节时,若速度增加10％,马力约需增加30％,在30节时速度若增加10％,马力 The main components that make up a warship are: a hull of a type and structure that holds and supports all the components of the ship; propulsion means for navigation; combat-capable equipment consisting of weapons, observation equipment and data-processing equipment Combat system; and personnel who operate the ship. These basic categories provide an outline for exploring the technological development trend of U.S. warships. Let’s start with the hull type. Drainage hull: There are currently three very important aspects of development. The first is to reduce the water resistance encountered by the ship during cruise. Resistance increases with ship speed, so more power is needed to overcome it. The problem is that as the speed increases, more and more cost per increment of speed is required to add the required horsepower. For example, a typical surface ship, at 20 knots, if the speed increased by 10%, about 30% increase in horsepower, 30% increase in speed by 10%, horsepower