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目的探讨强化母乳喂养对极早早产儿及极低体重儿出院后短期生长发育的影响。方法选取2013年12月-2015年12月在该院住院的早产儿65例为研究对象,根据喂养方式不同分为强化母乳组27例和母乳组38例。从出院时干预并随访至纠正年龄3个月。纠正胎龄40周、纠正年龄1、2、3月时分别检测体格发育指标,并于纠正年龄3月时进行INFANIB评估。结果两组早产儿的胎龄、出生体重、身长、头围等差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。强化母乳组在纠正年龄3月时体重、身长、头围发育优于母乳组,神经发育评估差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论强化母乳喂养在出院短期内有助于早产儿身长、头围及体重的增长,虽近期评估强化母乳喂养在改善神经发育方面无明显优势,但远期影响还有待进一步评估。
Objective To investigate the effects of intensive breastfeeding on the short-term growth and development of very premature infants and very low birth weight infants discharged from hospital. Methods Totally 65 preterm infants hospitalized in our hospital from December 2013 to December 2015 were selected as subjects and divided into intensive breast milk group (n = 27) and breast milk group (n = 38) according to different feeding methods. From discharge and follow-up intervention to correct age 3 months. Correct gestational age 40 weeks, corrected age 1, 2, 3 months were detected physical development indicators, and correction of age at 3 months when the INFANIB assessment. Results There was no significant difference in gestational age, birth weight, body length and head circumference among preterm infants in both groups (all P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the neurodevelopmental evaluation between the fortified breast milk group and the breast milk group when the corrected age was corrected to the age of 3 months (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intensified breastfeeding contributes to the growth of head length, head circumference and weight in short-term discharge. Although recent evaluations of breast augmentation without any significant improvement in neurodevelopment, the long-term impact remains to be evaluated.