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为明确钾对西洋参幼苗生理特性的影响,运用水培试验技术,在霍格兰营养液基础上,设置4个钾浓度梯度为处理,分别为0,0.6,2.0,6.0 mmol/L,探索钾胁迫对西洋参幼苗叶片光合特性、碳氮代谢以及活性氧代谢的影响。结果表明:叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量均随着钾浓度的增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,并在2.0 mmol/L的浓度下达到峰值,分别为12.88,6.96,19.84 mg/g。根系活力随着钾浓度的增加而逐渐增加,高钾浓度处理组比缺钾处理组西洋参根系活力高36.91%。缺钾显著降低了西洋参幼苗叶片的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量。随着钾浓度的降低西洋参幼苗叶片MDA含量逐渐升高,SOD、POD和CAT等保护酶类的活性逐渐增强。低浓度的钾导致西洋参幼苗光合作用、根系活力和碳氮代谢等生理指标的下降以及膜脂过氧化作用的增强,从而抑制了西洋参幼苗的健康生长。
In order to clarify the effect of potassium on the physiological characteristics of Panax quinquefolius L. seedlings, four potassium concentration gradients were set as 0, 0.6, 2.0 and 6.0 mmol / L on the basis of Hoagland nutrient solution, Effects of Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Active Oxygen Metabolism in Panax quinquefolia Leaves. The results showed that the total chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll increased first and then decreased with the increase of potassium concentration, and reached the peak at the concentration of 2.0 mmol / L, which were 12.88, 6.96 and 19.84 mg / g, respectively . Root activity increased gradually with the increase of potassium concentration. The root activity of American ginseng with high potassium concentration was 36.91% higher than that of potassium deficiency group. Potassium deficiency significantly reduced soluble sugar and soluble protein content in leaves of American ginseng seedlings. With the decrease of potassium concentration, the content of MDA in the leaves of American ginseng seedlings gradually increased, and the activity of protective enzymes such as SOD, POD and CAT gradually increased. Low concentrations of potassium resulted in the decrease of photosynthesis, root vigor, carbon and nitrogen metabolism and the increase of membrane lipid peroxidation, which inhibited the healthy growth of American ginseng seedlings.