2010年的联合公民诉联邦选举委员会案(Citizen United v.Federal Election Commission,558 U.S.310,130 S.Ct.876,以下简称联合公民案)无疑是近年来美国最受争议的宪法案件之一。美国联邦最高法院就本案陷入了空前分裂,多数意见与少数意见之间就如何理解第一修正案以及本案是否恰当地遵循了既有先例形成针锋相对的意见。但事实上,最高法院在本案之前的一系列有关选举资金规制的案件中已经隐含了对第一修正案的 The 2010 Citizen United v. Federal Election Commission (558 U.S. 310, 130 S.Ct.876, hereinafter referred to as the Joint Citizen) is undoubtedly one of the most controversial U.S. constitutional cases in recent years. The Supreme Court of the United States has plunged into an unprecedented split in the present case. Most opinions and minorities have formed diametrically opposed opinions on how to understand the First Amendment and whether the case properly followed the existing precedents. However, in fact, the Supreme Court has already implied a series of amendments to the First Amendment