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30年来,中美双边货物贸易规模发展迅速,贸易平衡状况由美方顺差转为中方顺差。对美出口在中国出口贸易中占两成,对华出口在美国出口贸易中不到一成,两国的贸易依存度之差达27个百分点。中国经济与对外贸易的市场化程度不断提高,美国长期实施对华出口限制政策,提高贸易活动的市场化程度成为解决中美双边货物贸易平衡状况的关键因素。
In the past 30 years, the bilateral trade in goods between China and the United States has been developing rapidly. The trade balance has shifted from the U.S. surpluses to the Chinese surpluses. Exports to the United States accounted for 20% of China’s export trade and less than 10% of China’s exports to the United States. The difference in trade dependence between the two countries reached 27%. The marketization of China’s economy and foreign trade continues to increase. The United States’ long-term policy of restricting its export to China and increasing the degree of marketization of trade activities have become the key factors in solving the bilateral trade balance between China and the United States.