林窗模型是一类以气候因子(温度和降水)为主要驱动变量对森林动态进行模拟预测的方法,因其参数易于获得和估计,结构灵活而开放,便于研究者根据需要进行适当的修改,因而得到了迅速的发展,在世界各地的许多森林类型中得到广泛应用。阐述了林窗模型假设及其发展变化,系统总结了林窗模型树木生长方程以及影响树木生长的环境因子,分析了林窗模型对树木死亡过程和更新过程的模拟方法,指出目前林窗模型研究中存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。 Because of its easy to obtain and estimate parameters, the Gap model is a flexible and open structure that makes it easy for researchers to make appropriate changes according to their needs. However, It has since been rapidly developed and is widely used in many forest types around the world. The hypothesis and development of Gap model are expounded. The tree growth equation of Gap model and the environmental factors that affect the growth of Gap model are systematically summarized. The simulation method of Gap model for tree death and regeneration process is analyzed. At present, In the existing problems and the future direction of development.