我国东部与南部新生代碱性玄武岩及火山角砾岩喷发过程中,携带了来自地幔及玄武岩浆深部结晶分异形成的包体,这些包体包括尖晶石二辉橄榄岩、石榴石二辉橄榄岩、辉石岩和辉长岩类,以及石榴石、辉石和歪长石巨晶等。我们收集了福建、江苏、河北及云南等地数十个包体,并对其中13个包体的矿物进行了研究,计算了包体形成的温度和压力,并讨论了成因。 During the eruption of the Cenozoic alkaline basalts and volcanic breccias in the eastern and southern parts of China, they carry inclusions formed by the deep crystallization of the mantle and basaltic magma. These inclusions include spinel lherzolite, garnet lherzolite, Shiyan and gabbro, as well as garnets, pyroxene and crooked feldspar giant crystal and so on. We collected dozens of inclusions from Fujian, Jiangsu, Hebei and Yunnan, and studied the minerals of 13 inclusions. The temperature and pressure of the inclusions were calculated and the causes were discussed.