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目的了解北京市流动工人职业健康监护现状。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,选取北京市158家企业和2 094名流动工人进行现场问卷调查,并对资料进行分析。结果流动工人岗前、在岗期间、离岗前职业健康体检率和建档率是41.1%、65.0%、3.3%和53.3%,企业岗前、在岗期间、离岗前职业健康体检率和监护档案覆盖率是47.5%、92.4%、32.2%和81.6%;企业支付体检费用的比例是:上岗前85.1%、在岗期间91.4%、离岗前56.5%。结论流动工人职业病危害严重,职业健康检查率不高,体检费用是影响因素之一,提示需进一步完善流动工人职业健康监护工作。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health care in migrant workers in Beijing. Methods By stratified random sampling method, 158 enterprises in Beijing and 2 094 migrant workers were selected to carry out on-the-spot questionnaire survey, and the data were analyzed. Results Before going to work, the occupational health check-ups and filing rates of migrant workers before leaving the job were 41.1%, 65.0%, 3.3% and 53.3% before leaving the job. The occupational health examination rate and guardianship record Coverage rates were 47.5%, 92.4%, 32.2% and 81.6% respectively. The proportion of medical expenses paid by the enterprises was 85.1% before the induction, 91.4% during the post and 56.5% before leaving the post. Conclusion The migrant workers have serious occupational hazards, low occupational health checkup rates and medical expenses as one of the influencing factors, suggesting the need to further improve the occupational health monitoring of migrant workers.