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在室温下合成了离子液体1-甲基-3-乙基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Emim]BF4)和1,2-二甲基-3-乙基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Dmeim]BF4),通过红外光谱对其进行了结构表征。分别测定了两种离子液体在不同温度下的密度、表面张力、粘度和电导率,发现当咪唑环2位碳上增加甲基取代基后其密度、表面张力和电导率均呈下降趋势,而粘度呈上升趋势且变化较大,如在298.15 K时[Emim]BF4的粘度为842 mPa.s,[Dmeim]BF4的粘度为8 293 mPa.s。并根据特定的经验方程估算了两种离子液体的热膨胀系数、摩尔体积、标准熵和晶格能等重要的性质参数。
The ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Emim] BF4) and 1,2-dimethyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Dmeim ] BF4), its structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The densities, surface tensions, viscosities and conductivities of the two ionic liquids at different temperatures were measured respectively. The results showed that the density, surface tension and conductivity decreased when the methyl groups on the 2-position imidazole ring increased. Viscosity increases and varies greatly, eg [Emim] BF4 has a viscosity of 842 mPa.s at 298.15 K and [Dmeim] BF4 has a viscosity of 8 293 mPa.s. Based on the specific empirical equation, the important properties of the two ionic liquids such as the thermal expansion coefficient, the molar volume, the standard entropy and the lattice energy were estimated.