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目的 研究肺透明膜病（ＨＭＤ） 患儿支气管肺发育不良（ＢＰＤ） 的患病率、高危因素。方法 对７４ 例ＨＭＤ患儿进行回顾性分析。结果 ７４ 例ＨＭＤ 中有１８ 例ＢＰＤ，患病率为２４－３％ 。通过对２０ 余种高危因素与ＢＰＤ的关系进行综合分析，发现早产、极低出生体重、肺部感染、肺出血及过高的氧浓度和吸气峰压（ＰＩＰ） 是造成ＢＰＤ的重要原因。结论 预防ＢＰＤ应首先减少早产和低出生体重儿的发生率，并积极控制感染、治疗肺部的原发病和并发症及采用适当的呼吸机参数。
Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in children with hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Methods 74 cases of children with HMD were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 18 cases of BPD in 74 cases of HMD, the prevalence was 24-3%. Through the comprehensive analysis of the relationship between more than 20 risk factors and BPD, it is found that premature birth, very low birth weight, pulmonary infection, pulmonary hemorrhage and excessive oxygen concentration and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) are the important causes of BPD. Conclusion Prevention of BPD should first reduce the incidence of premature birth and low birth weight infants, and actively control the infection, the treatment of primary pulmonary disease and complications and the use of appropriate ventilator parameters.