近三十年来,随着我国经济的发展和人口的增加,中小城镇建设发展速度也越来越快,从而对建筑物及各种资源、能源的需求亦不断增加。首先遇到的是合理安排和利用城市地面与地下空间。许多大城市需要向地下寻求空间,中小城市亦需要对地面按规划安排工业建筑和建筑群,迫切需要对地下地质进行系统调查、了解。特别是向空中要“地面”修建高层建筑物,必然对地基提出更高的要求,最理想的情况是将建筑物置于较理想的坚硬 In the recent three decades, with the economic development and population increase in our country, the construction and development of small and medium sized cities and towns have also been growing faster and faster, and the demand for buildings, various resources and energy sources has also been on the rise. The first thing we encountered was to arrange and utilize the urban ground and underground space rationally. Many large cities need to seek space underground. Small and medium-sized cities also need to arrange industrial buildings and buildings on the ground according to plan. There is an urgent need to conduct a systematic investigation and understanding of underground geology. In particular, the construction of high-rise buildings in the air to “ground” inevitably places higher demands on the foundations. Ideally, the buildings should be placed in a more ideal hard