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一般认为赖兴巴赫在1938年《经验与预言》一书中最先提出发现语境与辩护语境的区分(DJ区分),对DJ区分的源头可以进一步追溯。随着逻辑经验主义的衰退,科学哲学界对DJ区分的诠释产生了众多版本,大部分版本与赖兴巴赫最初的DJ区分存在着明显的背离。面对科学哲学内部(包括认知科学视角)与外部(科学史、科学的社会和文化研究等)对DJ区分的反对,霍伊宁根-休恩提出精益区分(lean distinction)以挽救DJ区分。DJ区分的再分析作为科学哲学的历史研究的重要组成部分应当受到足够的重视。
It is generally believed that Reichenbach first proposed the distinction between context and defense (DJ distinction) in his 1938 book, “Experience and Prediction.” The source of DJ differentiation can be further traced. With the decline of logical empiricism, there have been many versions of the philosophical profession’s interpretation of the distinction between DJs, with most of the versions deviating significantly from the initial DJ differentiation at Reichenbach. Facing the objections of DJ (including the perspective of cognitive science) and the external (history of science, science and culture) on the distinction of DJ in the philosophy of science, Hoynien-Huhne proposed lean distinction to save DJ’s distinction . Reanalysis of DJ Differentiation as an Important Component of Historical Study of Philosophy of Science Deserves due attention.