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针对信南高速公路边坡群落适应性差,生产力低下,景观效果不佳的问题,对公路边坡景观予以综合评价,用以指导该区域路域边坡界面的建设。采用聚类分析法,依据不同边坡的土壤养分将信南高速公路的边坡划分为A全风化岩+生土,B填砂边坡与风化岩,C亚黏土3类立地;再借助AHP法对3类立地,共计32个样方进行综合评价,从景观效果、生态效益与土壤养分3个方面建立评价模型并确定权重系数,进而对不同群落的边坡景观现状进行评价。结果表明,第1类立地中的优势群落为紫穗槐+构树+高羊茅+紫花苜蓿;第2类立地中的优势群落为紫穗槐+构树+高羊茅+黑麦草与紫穗槐+黑麦草+小叶扶芳藤;第3类立地中的优势群落为紫穗槐+石竹+高羊茅(或黑麦草)+金鸡菊或小叶扶芳藤+石竹+黑麦草+高羊茅。
In view of the problems of poor adaptability, low productivity and poor landscape effect of slope communities in Xinnan Expressway, the landscape of highway slopes is comprehensively evaluated to guide the construction of roadside slope interface in this area. According to the soil nutrients of different slopes, the slope of Xinnan Expressway is divided into three types of sites: A all-weathering rock + B sandstone slope, weathering rock and C-clayey soil by cluster analysis. Law on the three types of sites, a total of 32 quadrats comprehensive evaluation of landscape effects, ecological benefits and soil nutrients from three aspects to establish evaluation model and determine the weight coefficient, and then evaluate the status of slope landscape in different communities. The results showed that the dominant species in the first site were Amorpha fruticosa + Tall Fescue + alfalfa; the dominant species in the second site were Amorpha fruticosa + Tamarillo + Tall Fescue + Ryegrass and Violet The dominant species in the third site were Amorpha fruticosa + Dianthus chinensis + Tall fescue (or ryegrass) + Echinacea purpurea or Euonymus japonicus + Dianthus caryophyllus + Ryegrass + tall sheep Mao.