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目的研究对于中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者进行缩唇腹式呼吸结合立式呼吸体操综合干预的效果。方法选择2015年1—10月收治的中重度COPD患者53例作为一般组,提供常规护理;选择2015年12月—2016年8月收治的中重度COPD患者53例作为干预组,提供缩唇腹式呼吸结合立式呼吸体操综合干预。评价两组患者生活质量评分及呼吸困难评分,评估患者肺功能改善情况。计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果出院时,一般组PaCO_2、FEV_1、PaO_2等指标结果比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),具有可比性;出院后2个月,干预组患者PaCO_2、FEV_1[(42.26±5.10)mm Hg、(41.04±2.40)]低于一般组[(47.37±5.61)mm Hg、(42.58±2.30)],但PaO_2[(75.10±6.23)mm Hg]高于一般组[(71.05±6.42)mm Hg](均P<0.05)。入院时,两组患者呼吸困难评分结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经护理干预后,干预组患者呼吸困难评分低于一般组。一般组患者经护理干预后心理状态、日常活动能力、自理能力、疾病认知能力等生活质量指标评分低于干预组(均P<0.05)。结论对中重度COPD疾病患者进行缩唇腹式呼吸联合立式呼吸体操训练干预,可有效改善患者呼吸困难,改善肺功能,提高患者生活质量。
Objective To study the effects of liposuction abdominal breathing combined with vertical breathing exercises in patients with moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Fifty-five patients with moderate-to-severe COPD admitted from January to October in 2015 were selected as the general group to provide routine care. Fifty-three patients with moderate-to-severe COPD admitted from December 2015 to August 2016 were selected as the intervention group. Breathing Combined with Vertical Breathing Gymnastics. The quality of life scores and dyspnea scores of two groups were evaluated to evaluate the improvement of pulmonary function. Measurement data were compared using t test, count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results At discharge, the PaCO_2, FEV_1, PaO_2 and other indexes in the general group showed no significant difference (all P> 0.05), and were comparable at 2 months after discharge. PaCO_2, FEV_1 [(42.26 ± 5.10) mm (41.04 ± 2.40)] was lower than that of the general group [(47.37 ± 5.61) mm Hg, (42.58 ± 2.30)], but PaO_2 [(75.10 ± 6.23) mm Hg] was higher than that of the general group [(71.05 ± 6.42) mm Hg] (all P <0.05). At admission, the scores of dyspnea scores between the two groups were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). After nursing intervention, the scores of dyspnea in the intervention group were lower than those of the general group. The scores of quality of life indexes such as psychological status, daily activities ability, self-care ability and disease cognition ability of general group patients after nursing intervention were lower than those of intervention group (all P <0.05). Conclusions In patients with moderate-severe COPD, lip-narrowing abdominal breathing combined with vertical breathing exercises training intervention can effectively improve the patient’s breathing difficulties, improve lung function and improve the quality of life of patients.