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对张学良在武汉时期(1934—1935年)思想变化历史的研究目前几乎还是个空白。其实,这一时期是张学良思想变化最活跃的时期,也是其思想逐步升华的时期。从1934年初张学良出国考察归来,到1936年12月“西安事变”的发生,这三年中,张学良的思想始终处在矛盾之中。尽管如此,他的爱国、爱民和主张“国家统一”民族主义思想始终占据着主导地位。正如张学良自己所说:“拥护国家统一,可以说是我生平一贯的主张,过去的已有事实证明,今后我更要在这一方面作最大努力!”张学良的这种思想,在后来国内外诸多因素影响之下,终于使之从拥蒋反共嬗变至联共抗日、对蒋介石实行兵谏。当然,这个转变,有一个复杂的过程。本文拟从其思想与实践两个方面入手,剖析这个过程。
The study of Zhang Xueliang’s history of ideological change in the Wuhan period (1934-1935) is still almost blank. In fact, this period is the most active period of Zhang Xueliang’s thought changes, but also the period of gradual sublimation of his thoughts. From the visit of Zhang Xueliang in his inspection tour abroad in early 1934 to the occurrence of the “Xi’an Incident” in December 1936, Zhang Xueliang’s thinking has always been in contradiction. Nevertheless, his patriotism, love of the people and the advocacy of the nationalist ideology of “national unification” always dominated. As Chang Hsueh-liang himself said: “Adhering to the principle of reunification of the country can be said to be consistent with my life. The past facts have proved that in the future I would like to make my best efforts in this regard!” Zhang Hsueh-liang’s thinking was later adopted at home and abroad Under the influence of many factors, it eventually moved from opposing Chiang Kai-shek’s anti-communist move to the All-Communist Anti-Japanese War and military commanders on Chiang Kai-shek. Of course, this shift has a complicated process. This article intends to start from two aspects of its thought and practice, to analyze this process.