■ 经济学界普遍认为,贫富差距拉大主要是由于机会的不平等造成的。对机会不平等造成的贫富悬殊,需要通过市场取向的改革来解决。但目前改革进展缓慢,这是引发社会收入问题凸显的根源所在。当务之急是加快改革步伐,为社会底层的人创造更多机会。 ■ 农民问题是解决收入差距问题的核心,但到目前为止我们的很多措施还只停留在表面现象的讨论上,没有从体制上进一步突破。其中,改革现行的县乡管理体制,打破户籍限制等已经是大势所趋。 ■ Economists generally believe that the widening gap between rich and poor is mainly due to the inequality of opportunity. The disparity between the rich and the poor caused by inequality of opportunity needs to be solved through market-oriented reforms. However, at present, the progress of the reform is slow. This is the root cause of the problem of social income. The top priority is to speed up the pace of reform and create more opportunities for people in the bottom of society. ■ The peasant question is at the core of the solution to the problem of income inequality. However, so far, many of our measures have remained focused on the discussion of surface phenomena without any further structural breakthrough. Among them, the reform of the current management system of county and township and breaking the restrictions on household registration have become the trend of the times.