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水土流失对农业生产构成威胁。本文通过田间试验,进行人为剥离黑土层,模拟研究了不同水土流失强度对玉米干物质积累及产量的影响。研究结果表明,在拥有30cm黑土层的6°坡耕地上,表土流失掉10cm对玉米干物质积累没有明显影响。然而当黑土层流失超过10cm,玉米干物质积累量随流失的增加而减少。黑土层流失5cm、10cm后,未对玉米产量造成显著影响,仅分别降低1.9%和4.7%;流失20cm,玉米产量下降了34.6%;黑土层全部流失即30cm后,产量下降了95.7%,表明黑土区水土流失对玉米生产危害极其严重。试验也表明施用有机肥可适当减轻水土流失对玉米产量的影响。
Soil and water loss is a threat to agricultural production. In this paper, field experiments were carried out to strip black soil artificially and simulate the effects of different soil and water loss on dry matter accumulation and yield of maize. The results showed that on the 6 ° slope farmland with 30 cm black soil layer, the loss of topsoil 10 cm had no obvious effect on the dry matter accumulation of corn. However, when the loss of black soil exceeded 10 cm, the dry matter accumulation decreased with increasing loss. Black soil loss of 5cm and 10cm did not significantly affect the yield of maize, only decreased by 1.9% and 4.7% respectively. When the soil loss was 20cm, the yield of maize decreased by 34.6%. The yield decreased by 95.7% after all the loss of black soil was 30cm Soil erosion in black soil area is extremely harmful to corn production. Experiments also show that the application of organic fertilizer can be appropriate to reduce the impact of soil erosion on corn yield.