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目的调查重症加强护理病房(ICU)医院感染状况,探析预防ICU医院感染对策,以降低医院感染率。方法采用回顾性方法调查分析ICU收治的160例患者临床资料,并对医院感染的危险因素进行单因素分析。结果 160例住院患者发生医院感染51例,感染率为31.9%,感染部位以下呼吸道最多共99例,占61.9%,其次是泌尿道36例,占22.5%,伤口感染15例,占9.4%;病理检出病原菌革兰阴性菌占60.0%,革兰阳性菌占28.1%,真菌占13.8%。结论 ICU医院感染率高主要与侵入性操作相关,监测并及时准确获得ICU医院感染动态变化,制定有效干预措施,从而使感染率得到有效控制。
Objective To investigate the severity of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit (ICU) and to explore ways to prevent nosocomial infections in ICU so as to reduce the nosocomial infection rate. Methods The clinical data of 160 patients admitted to the ICU were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis was performed on the risk factors of nosocomial infections. Results Among the 160 inpatients, 51 cases were nosocomial infection with the infection rate of 31.9%. The most common respiratory tract was 99.9% (61.9%), followed by urinary tract in 36 cases (22.5%) and wound infection in 15 (9.4%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 60.0% of pathogenic bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.1%, fungi accounted for 13.8%. Conclusion The high ICU hospital infection rate is mainly related to invasive operation. Monitoring and timely and accurately obtaining the dynamic changes of ICU nosocomial infection and formulating effective interventions can effectively control the infection rate.